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Property which may be subject to a mortgage, as defined in Article 5 of the Law on Mortgages – immovable property referred to in Article 130 of the Civil Code, the rights to which are registered in the manner prescribed for state registration of rights to immovable property and transactions with it.

These things include:

1. land, except land referred to in Article 63 of the mortgage;
2. businesses, as well as buildings, structures and other immovable property used in business;
3. houses, apartments and parts of houses and apartments consisting of one or several isolated rooms;
4. cottages, garden houses, garages and other buildings consumer goods;
5. Air and sea vessels, inland vessels and space objects.

In Russia, the law (Tax Code), in which the borrower is entitled to a tax deduction for the amount spent on housing, but no more than 2 million rubles, and interest paid on loans for housing, with no restrictions on the amount. The deduction provided a once in a lifetime. In this case, there are two ways to get the borrower the deduction:

* If the borrower is the only place of work, he may apply to the accounting department at work, and declaring the acquisition of housing by providing supporting documents, and an accountant will not list the income tax until such right will not be used.
* The tax period to enumerate all the taxes, but at the end of the year in the tax law to declare a tax deduction.The tax office will need to return the taxes paid after verification of documents.

13 March 2008 the Constitutional Court issued a Decree № 5-P. Recognizing not contradict the Russian Constitution the provisions of other federal laws, the court clearly explained its position – the parents can receive a tax deduction for amounts spent on the purchase of real estate to their minor children.

According to recent data, 11% of borrowers in the mortgage market have ceased to fulfill its obligation to pay

Brokerage commercial real estate market – mediation by:

* Search for tenants and buyers of commercial space (retail, office, warehouse, etc.)
* Negotiating with tenants and buyers under the ownership of commercial real estate
* Facilitate the conclusion of the lease or sale between the owner of commercial property and the tenant (buyer).

Companies providing brokerage services, working under an agency agreement and are remunerated for their services in the form of commission. Typically, the amount of commission is determined as a percentage of the deal:

* 2-5% of the value of property sold;
* 11.7% of rental income for the year for the lease of retail space.

Alternative brokerage serve their own units or specialists on lease from the owner (developer) commercial real estate.

Brokerages give the interests of the owner of commercial real estate, according to the agency. In working with potential tenants and buyers use a comprehensive dossier of the object, which describes the realized object, its coverage area, potential buyers (for the shopping center), a trading plan object. Base rents brokerage are in the rental plan. Contractual relationships with tenants are based on the offer, pre-contract and lease agreement (sales contract). The concept of commercial real estate, trading plan, the lease plan, record, offer, pre-contract and lease agreement (sales) are developing a specialized consulting company.

Sealing building, «point» of development – the construction of new buildings or structures in the historically residential neighborhood (usually on-site green space).

The term «sealing buildings» appeared, as pointed out in the real estate portal in 2002, when increased demand «for real estate in the exploration and districts close to the center» [1]. The expression often used in St. Petersburg, in Moscow usually uses the term «dot building.

Often accompanied by deterioration in the quality of living for residents adjacent to the construction of houses and as a consequence, conflicts with the developer.

Seal construction also distinguish between two types:

1. Construction of a new, not previously provided for the object in the historically residential area. In this case the construction is usually in the park or square.
2. Construction of a new facility in the historical quarter where the anticipated construction of the facility for other purposes.

Density of development – one of the key indicators that are widely used in urban planning practice (in general plans, land use and building regulations, land development project, etc.), which characterizes the intensity of land use.

For neighborhoods, districts or areas a certain kind of measure of the total floor area of building ground part of buildings and structures in dimensions of the exterior walls, per unit area (sq m ² / ha). Within the boundaries of individual plots, he is often called the «coefficient of utilization of the territory» (CIT).

Communal Living («communal») – (in Russia and former USSR) apartment owned by the state, populated by public authorities in accordance with the standards of living space, laid on one person, regardless of marital status and configuration of the apartment tenants. As a rule, in a communal apartment lives a few families or individuals. Each family or individual taking one or more rooms, instead of good «common spaces», which usually include common bathroom, toilet, kitchen and hallway and hallway.

Lives of several families in one apartment has sometimes led to quarrels and conflicts. But for all the residents agreed to a communal dormitory regulations, many problems were recorded. Thus, cleaning of public places carried out by one. Period of duty is determined by mutual consent (in some apartments, each family was on duty, that is an ongoing harvest, one week, in others – as many weeks, how many people live there, etc.), and before passing the queue, as a rule, conducted general cleaning.

Payment of electricity was carried out in different ways. If the apartment was only one common meter, the payments are usually calculated in proportion to the number of residents in the room. In some apartments for household appliances (TV, iron, etc.) receive a fixed amount. In other apartments, but the total count, there were electricity meters in every room. In this case, the calculation of the number of tenants is made only for amounts attributable to common areas: it is defined as the difference between the readings and the total of all individual counters. Met and such apartments, where public spaces have been connected to the electricity meter that stood for each room separately, and at the entrance to the kitchen every inhabitant of another room was required to include his light bulb, even if the light was already lit a neighbor (in this case, several light bulbs were included simultaneously, each from its master).

In some communal apartments burner gas stove were distributed among the residents and could not be occupied without permission.

Many of the communal apartments were left without repair for a long time.

Tree house – a building, elevated above ground, constructed mainly in the crown of the tree, the base design of which – one or more trunks. Can be used as a resting place, the work area or as a temporary shelter.

House on a tree in the forest region is an example of green building as it does not require cutting down forests to build from. In some areas of the tropics ordinary houses are built in trees or on stilts to keep the premises from the dangers that are possible at ground level.

Cottage  - a simple one, polutoraetazhny (second floor is only available in the form of the attic with sloping ceilings) house a small residential area (the classic cottage can consist of only two – the front and back – of rooms, like a Russian hut-pyatistenok) for residence of one nuclear family with the obligatory plots. Cottage is designed for both permanent and temporary residence. Cottages – country ownership landscape, but can be built in the city. The classic building material is natural stone, red brick.Today, however, have received wide distribution of aerated concrete houses because of the high efficiency of this material, as well as the cottages of the tree (taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian climate, economy and environmental friendliness of building materials). The second floor has bedroom (s), the first – a living room, kitchen, bathroom, boiler room. Often cottage includes a garage for the car, often converted from an old barn. An indispensable accessory cottage – open fireplace. Chimneys in the classical kottezhde located along the end – perpendicular to the ridge of the roof – walls of buildings. The classic English cottage can be seen in the movie «The Holiday» («The Holiday»), 2008 – a housing heroine Kate Winslet